There are 2 lingas in the temple, namely, Shiva Linga (also known as Rama Linga) which was installed by Lord Rama when he was returning from Lanka after winning the war against Ravan. The other linga is called the Vishwa Linga which is said to have been brought by Hanuman from Mount Kailas. The 2 lingas are placed side by side. The long hallway, which goes all the way around the temple is the largest in India. Rama is said to have worshipped Tilakeswarar at Devipatnam nearby.Mythology says that Lord Rama performed some rituals to thank lord Shiva for his Victory over the demon king Ravana. This makes the place coveted by both Vaishnavites and Saivites.

The shrine of Parvatavardhini, the consort of Ramanatha, is to the left of the Rama Linga and can be reached through a hall on the left of the main altar. Behind this shrine, between the second and third walls, is a shrine dedicated to Vishnu called Shri Madhava. Apart from this temple, the small Ram jharoka temple which is nearby has some significance.

A set of footprints found on a wheel here are believed to be those of Rama. The Kodandarama Swami temple is yet another shrine. This contains a series of paintings which tell the story of how Vibhishana, brother of Ravan, surrendered to Rama here. The temple is imbued with magical powers because during a severe typhoon in 1964, the whole area was devastated except for these temples.

Nearby, at the Agni Teertham, a floating rock is a major attraction. For most Hindus, it is a traditional practice to visit Rameshwaram while on the Char Dham pilgrimage. The Char Dham are the 4 kingdoms of god, namely Badrinath in the Himalayas, Puri in Orissa, Dwarka in Gujarat and Rameshwaram in Tamil Nadu. It is believed that a devotee who visits Vishwanath in Varanasi must visit Rameshwaram to get the full merit of his pilgrimage.